Factors associated with probable cases of congenital hypothyroidism in neonates born in Bucaramanga, Colombia

Authors

  • Sofía Alejandra Fonseca Martínez Universidad Industrial de Santander
  • Laura Natalia Arenas Millán Laboratorio IDIME S.A.
  • Bladimiro Rincón Orozco Universidad Industrial de Santander
  • Ruth Aralí Martínez Vega Universidad de Santander

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.21615/cesmedicina.7020

Keywords:

congenital hypothyroidism, neonatal screening, Colombia

Abstract

Background: congenital hypothyroidism is a thyroid gland disorder where a newborn has a decrease or absent thyroid function and leads to irreversible damage of the psychomotor and cognitive development when is detected late. Early diagnosis of this condition allows for establishing treatment and effective monitoring of the case to avoid inherent irreversible consequences. Methods: we conducted a nested case control study (1:4) in the Hospital Universitario de Santander from June 2014 to December 2016. Neonates with thyroid-stimulating hormone >15 µU/mL from cord blood samples or thyroid-stimulating hormone > 10 µU/mL from heel prick collected in Guthrie cards were considered as probable cases of congenital hypothyroidism (cases), and 226 newborns with normal thyroid-stimulating hormone levels were randomly chosen as controls. We consulted clinical and demographic data from medical records. Results: a total of 6,180 newborns were screened. Fifty-five cases were detected. The prevalence of probable cases of congenital hypothyroidism was 0.89 % (CI 95 % 6,71 – 11,57). The associated factors were complete antenatal care (ORa 0.30 CI95 % 0.11 - 0.87) and partial antenatal care (ORa 0.34 CI9 5% 0.13-0.88), first pregnancy (ORa 2.08 CI95 % 1.08-4.02), APGAR 5 min <9 (ORa 3.69 CI95 % 1.46-9.33), and low birth weight (ORa 3.04; CI95 % 1.13 – 8.19). Conclusions: the congenital hypothyroidism prevalence was higher than in previous studies. However, the confirmatory thyroxine T4 test was not done in this hospital. These associated factors could be used to closely monitor that all newborns with these characteristics are screened, as well as to prioritize the confirmation of probable cases of congenital hypothyroidism.

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Author Biographies

Sofía Alejandra Fonseca Martínez, Universidad Industrial de Santander

Magíster en Microbiología. Grupo de investigación Inmunología y Epidemiología Molecular (GIEM). Escuela de Microbiología. Universidad Industrial de Santander.

Laura Natalia Arenas Millán, Laboratorio IDIME S.A.

Especialista en Gerencia Estratégica de la Calidad. Laboratorio IDIME S.A.

Bladimiro Rincón Orozco, Universidad Industrial de Santander

Doctor en Ciencias Naturales. Departamento de Ciencias Básicas. Escuela de Medicina. Facultad de Salud. Universidad Industrial de Santander.

Ruth Aralí Martínez Vega, Universidad de Santander

Doctora en Ciencias de la Salud Pública en Enfermedades Infecciosas. Escuela de Medicina. Facultad de Ciencias Médicas y de la Salud. Universidad de Santander.

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Published

2023-04-10

How to Cite

Fonseca Martínez, S. A., Arenas Millán, L. N., Rincón Orozco, B., & Martínez Vega, R. A. (2023). Factors associated with probable cases of congenital hypothyroidism in neonates born in Bucaramanga, Colombia. CES Medicina, 37(1), 12–28. https://doi.org/10.21615/cesmedicina.7020

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Artículo original de investigación científica o tecnológica
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