ESTRATEGIAS DE AFRONTAMIENTO Y PRESIÓN ARTERIAL. (Coping strategies and blood pressure)
Abstract
El objetivo de esta investigación fue identificar las estrategias de afrontamiento que presentan los pacientes con hipertensión e hipotensión. Estudio analítico, de casos y controles, con 106 pacientes (34% hombres, 66% mujeres), de los cuales 55.7% son hipotensos y 44.3% hipertensos, a quienes se les aplicó el Cuestionario de Estrategias de Afrontamiento Modificado. Se encontraron diferencias en las estrategias de afrontamiento que utilizan los pacientes con presión arterial alta y baja, siendo la solución de problemas la estrategia de mayor uso reportada por los hipertensos (p< 0,05), y la búsqueda de apoyo profesional (p< 0,05) y reevaluación positiva (p< 0,01), las más reportadas por los hipotensos. Y al ajustar por género fue esta última estrategia en la que se encontró diferencia significativa. Estos hallazgos, aunque preliminares, están de acuerdo con la hipótesis de que en respuesta al estrés los hipotensos presentan tendencia a la huída y los hipertensos a la confrontación
ABSTRACT
The aim of this research was to identify coping strategies by patients with hypertension and hypotension. Analytical study of cases and control with 106 patients (34% men, 66% women), from which 55.7% hypotensive and 44.3% hypertensive were evaluated by the Coping Strategies Questionnaire Modified. We found differences on the coping skills used by patients with high blood pressure and those with low blood pressure. We found differences in the coping skills used by patients with high blood pressure and those with low blood pressure. Meaningful differences in the coping strategies of problem solving (p<0.05), with higher scores in hypertensive patients, and professional support (p <0.05) , and a positive reevaluation (p <0.01 ), which was higher in those with hypotension. Adjusting by gender, the last coping skill showed statistical differences. Though these are preliminary finding they are in agreement with the hypothesis that responding to stress hypotensive tend to escape and hypertensive tend to face it.
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