AGNOSIA VISUOESPACIAL PROGRESIVA: UN CASO DE ATROFIA CORTICAL POSTERIOR. (Progressive visuospatial agnosia. a posterior cortical atrophy case.)
Abstract
Introducción. La atrofia cortical posterior (ACP) es una enfermedad neurodegenerativa poco común. Se manifiesta por signos cognitivos posteriores, principalmente alteraciones visuoperceptuales precoces y predominantes en el cuadro clínico, sin afectación mnésica, lingüística o conductual en estadios iniciales, debido al compromiso de la corteza parieto-occipital, que finalmente conduce al paciente a un deterioro cognitivo global. Caso clínico. La paciente reportada comenzó la demencia con desorientación espacial y agnosia visuoespacial. Durante el cuadro aparecieron síntomas cognitivos de etiología posterior como acalculia, desorientación derecha-izquierda, apraxia ideacional y constructiva, relacionados con el compromiso parietal que se evidenció en las neuroimágenes. Discusión. La manifestación clínica y los estudios de neuroimagen de la paciente, tal como se ha reportado en otros casos, corresponden a ACP, una demencia con características clínicas propias y con un perfil cognitivo específico que permite diferenciarla de otras demencias corticales focales. Palabras clave: Agnosia visual, Atrofia cortical posterior, Demencia, Desorientación espacial, Enfermedad de Alzheimer, Neuropsicología. ABSTRACT Introduction. Posterior cortical atrophy (PCA) is an uncommon neurodegenerative disease. It is presented by posterior cognitive signs, mainly in early and predominant visual and perceptive disorders, linguistic and behavioral amnesia are not presented at the beginning , but as a result of the parietal occipital damage the patient is leading to a global cognitive impairment. Clinic case. Reported case started a dementia with spatial disorientation and visuospatial agnosia. During medical profile, posterior aetiology cognitive symptoms appeared such as acalculia, left-right disorientation, constructional and ideational apraxia, related to parietal compromise evidenced by neuroimaging. Discussion. Patient´s clinical manifestations and neuroimaging studies, as other cases already reported correspond to PCA, classified as a dementia with singular characteristics and a cognitive profile that allows to differentiate the disorder from other type of focal cortical dementias. Key words: Alzheimer´s disease, Dementia, Neuropsychology, Posterior cortical atrophy, Spatial disorientation, Visual agnosiaDownloads
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