IS NEUROFEEDBACK TRAINING AN EFFICACIOUS TREATMENT FOR ADHD? RESULTS FROM A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW (¿Es efectivo el entrenamiento en Neurofeedback para el tratamiento del TDAH? Resultados a partir de una revisión sistemática)
Abstract
Abstract
Based on a systematic review of empirical articles published between 2001 and 2011, this study aims to establish the viability of using Neurofeedback training as a technique to reduce the symptoms of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder in children and teenager. 88 articles were identified and based on the defined inclusion criteria, and 11 articles were selected. Evaluation of efficacy was based on the criteria defined by the Association of Applied Psychophysiology and Biofeedback (Association for Applied Psychophysiology and Biofeedback - AAPB -). The results point to a level of efficacy located between level two (potential effectiveness) and level three (probable effectiveness), therefore, it is necessary to conduct a research with a higher level of control of variables and larger samples. Related clinical uses and methodological aspects are discussed for future studies.
Resumen
El objetivo del presente trabajo es establecer, a partir de la revisión sistemática de artículos empíricos publicados entre 2001 y 2011, la viabilidad del uso del Neurofeedback como técnica de entrenamiento para disminuir los síntomas del Trastorno por déficit de atención-hiperactividad en población infantil y adolescente. Se identificaron 88 artículos y con base en los criterios de inclusión definidos previamente, se seleccionó un total de 11 artículos. La evaluación de eficacia se hizo con base en los criterios definidos por la Asociación de Psicofisiología Aplicada y Biofeedback (Association for Applied Psychophysiology and Biofeedback -AAPB-). Los resultados apuntan a un nivel de eficacia situado entre nivel dos (posible eficacia) y nivel tres (eficacia probable), por lo que se hace necesario la realización de investigaciones con un mayor nivel de control de variables y en muestras más amplias. Se discuten aspectos relacionados con su uso clínico y metodológico para futuros estudios.
Palabras clave: Neurofeedback, Trastorno por Déficit de Atención-Hiperactividad, TDAH, Neuropsicología, Niveles de Eficacia.
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