RENDIMIENTO COGNITIVO Y CALIDAD DE VIDA ASOCIADOS A MÉTODOS DE REVASCULARIZACIÓN EN PACIENTES CON ESTENOSIS CAROTÍDEA (Cognitive performance and quality of life related to methods of revascularization in patients with carotid stenosis)
Abstract
La estenosis carotídea consiste en un estrechamiento de la arteria carótida que altera el flujo sanguíneo en el cerebro y por consiguiente suele conllevar alteraciones en el funcionamiento cognitivo. De igual forma sus métodos de revascularización han sido estudiados en cuanto a su impacto en el funcionamiento cognitivo posterior a los mismos. El objetivo del presente artículo es realizar una revisión actualizada del estudio de la estenosis carotídea, sus métodos de revascularización y su relación con el rendimiento cognitivo. Se encontró que existe un deterioro cognitivo asociado a la estenosis carotídea, la endarterectomía es el método más empleado y cuestionado, y, finalmente el stent, con pocas investigaciones reportadas, pero con resultados más eficaces en cuanto al desempeño cognitivo.
Palabras clave: Estenosis carotídea - Endarterectomía carotídea – Stent - Rendimiento cognitivo – Procesos cognitivos - Calidad de vida.
ABSTRACT
Carotid stenosis is a narrowing of the carotid artery that alters blood flow in the brain, and as a consequence, it can lead to cognitive impairment. In addition, its revascularization methods have been studied in terms of their subsequent impact on cognitive performance. The aim of this paper is to carry out an updated review of the study of the carotid stenosis, its methods of revascularization and the relationship with the cognitive performance in patients with carotid stenosis. Also, it intents to analyze critically some previous studies done from 1992 to 2008. This paper concludes that there is a cognitive impairment related to carotid stenosis, the endarterectomy as the most used and questioned procedure, and the stent that in spite of few reported researches have presented the most effective results in terms of cognitive performance.
Key words: Carotid stenosis - Carotid endarterectomy – Carotid stenting – Cognitive performance - Cognitive processes – Cognitive Ability - Quality of life.
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