¿Todos los grupos felices son productivos? Interacción entre el afecto positivo grupal y el desempeño laboral grupal: estudio exploratorio
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.21615/cesp.7130Palabras clave:
afecto positivo grupal, desempeño grupal, grupo feliz-productivo, gestión de la organizaciónResumen
La comprensión de la relación entre las emociones positivas (como la satisfacción laboral) y el desempeño laboral, ha generado variedad de estudios y tesis como la del trabajador feliz-productivo. No obstante, aún se requiere ampliar y profundizar en aspectos como el desarrollo de una perspectiva multinivel que permita identificar variables que componen grupos felices y productivos en las organizaciones. A partir del concepto de sinergia del bienestar-productivo sostenible (SBPS) y su propuesta de cuatro tipos de interacción entre el bienestar y el desempeño laboral: 1) Grupo feliz-productivo, 2) Grupo infeliz-improductivo, 3) Grupo feliz-improductivo, y 4) Grupo infeliz-productivo, el objetivo principal de este trabajo es analizar la relación entre el afecto positivo grupal (entusiasmo, optimismo, satisfacción, comodidad, relajación) y el desempeño grupal (intra-rol, extra-rol). La muestra está compuesta por 584 trabajadores/as (63.6% mujeres), agregados en 91 equipos de trabajo pertenecientes a 14 Pequeñas y Medianas Empresas (PyMEs) españolas. Mediante un análisis de conglomerados, los resultados determinaron la existencia de cuatro tipos de interacción o patrones entre el afecto positivo grupal y el desempeño grupal: Feliz-productivo (41.8%), Infeliz-improductivo (20.9%), Feliz-improductivo (29.7%), e Infeliz-productivo (7.7 %). Los resultados pueden ayudar a las organizaciones a tomar acciones respecto a la evaluación de riesgos psicosociales, gestión del desempeño y rediseño de grupos.
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