SUICIDIO Y TRASTORNO MENTAL (Suicide and Mental Disorder)
Resumen
La Organización Mundial de la Salud define el suicidio como el acto deliberado de quitarse la vida, causándose una lesión, con un grado variable en la intención de morir. El suicidio es la cuarta forma de muerte violenta en Colombia (Cifuentes, 2013). En el 2014 se reportaron 4,33 casos por 100.000 habitantes, siendo los grupos etarios de 20 a 24 y de 70 a 74 años los que presentan mayores tasas a nivel nacional (Ramírez & Naranjo, 2014). La literatura reporta que en el 90% de casos de suicidio se encuentra algún trastorno mental asociado; lo que se constituye en un problema de salud pública. Este artículo de revisión se propone describir la relación entre trastornos mentales y conducta suicida, con el fin de contribuir al entendimiento del fenómeno y resaltar la necesidad de crear e implementar estrategias de atención temprana.
Palabras Clave: Suicidio, Ideación Suicida, Salud Mental, Salud Pública, Psicopatología, Trastorno Mental.
Abstract
The World Health Organization defines suicide as the act of deliberately killing oneself, causing injury or damage, with varying degrees of intention to die. Suicide is the fourth form of violent death in Colombia. In 2014, 4.33 cases per 100,000 inhabitants were reported; the target age groups, with the higher rates nationwide, consisted of 20-24 and 70-74 years old. Papers reported that 90% of suicides are associated with mental disorder therefore, it should be considered a public health problem. This study aims to review scientific literature to describe the relationship between mental disorders and suicidal behavior, highlighting the need to establish and implement strategies for early intervention in populations at suicide risk.
Key Words: Suicide, Suicidal Ideation, Mental Disorders, Mental Health, Public Health, Psychopathology.
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Revista CES Psicología ISSN 2011 3080
Facultad de Psicología, Universidad CES Primera edición 2008. Última actualización Mayo 18 de 2022. Todos los derechos reservados. Hecho el depósito legal que exige la ley.
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