CONCEPCIONES CULTURALES DEL VIH/SIDA DE JÓVENES QUE SON PARTE DE GRUPOS CULTURALES JUVENILES DE GUADALAJARA, MÉXICO (HIV/AIDS cultural conceptions of youth people belonging to cultural youth groups from Guadalajara, Mexico)

Resumen

El objetivo fue analizar las concepciones culturales del VIH/Sida de jóvenes que son parte de grupos culturales juveniles de Guadalajara, México. Se realizó un estudio antropológico cultural con 80 jóvenes seleccionados por muestreo propositivo. Se utilizaron las técnicas de listados libres y pile sort. Se aplicó análisis de consenso, conglomerados jerárquicos y escalas multidimensionales. Los jóvenes participantes coincidieron en conceptualizar al VIH/Sida como una enfermedad producida por un virus, que implica la muerte. Se asoció a la sexualidad, al contacto con grupos de riesgo (homosexuales y prostitutas), a la población en general (amigos, pareja, hijos, etc.), al uso de drogas inyectables y al contacto con sangre infectada. La principal forma de protección citada, fue el uso del condón durante las relaciones sexuales.

Palabras claves: VIH/Sida, Juventud, Contexto Sociocultural, Culturas Colectivas, Conceptos de Salud, Prevención.

The goal of this study was to analyze the HIV/Aids cultural conceptions of youth people belonging to cultural youth groups from Guadalajara, Mexico. A cultural anthropological study was done, and 80 participants were selected by purposeful sampling. Free association lists and pile sorts were used. Consensus and dimensional analysis through hierarchical clusters and multidimensional scales were used. The youths agreed on conceptualizing HIV/Aids as a disease caused by a virus, which leads to death. Also, it was associated to sexual practices, contact with risk groups (homosexuals and prostitutes) and general population (friends, partners, children, etc.), as well as injecting drugs consumption and infected blood. The use of condom during the sexual intercourse was the main protection type cited.

Abstract:

The goal was to analyze the HIV/Aids conceptions of youth people belong of cultural youth groups from Guadalajara, Mexico. A cultural anthropological study was done, 80 participants were selected by purposeful sampling. Free association lists and pile sorts were utilized. Consensus analysis was performed and dimensional analysis through hierarchical clusters and multidimensional scales. The youths agreed a HIV/Aids concept like an illness caused by a virus, which conducted to the dead. It was associated to sexual practices, contact with risk groups (homosexuals and prostitutes) and general population (friends, partner, children, etc.), injecting drugs consumption and infected blood. The main protection cited was de condom use in sexual intercourse.

Key words: HIV/AIDS, youth, sociocultural context, collective culture, health concepts, prevention