Riesgo biomecánico por sobrecarga estática y presencia de trastornos musculoesqueléticos en odontólogos durante su práctica clínica asistencial. Una revisión narrativa
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.21615/cesodon.5989Palabras clave:
riesgo ergonómico, ergonomía, trastornos musculoesqueléticos, odontólogos, riesgo biomecánicoResumen
Los trastornos musculoesqueléticos son lesiones que afectan el movimiento corporal, incluyendo músculos, tendones, ligamentos, entre otros. Estos trastornos son unos de los problemas más importantes en la práctica clínica odontológica, ocasionados en su mayoría por sobrecarga física tanto dinámica como estática, en particular para esta última, toma relevancia la postura mantenida en posición bípeda o sedente durante la realización de procedimientos extremadamente precisos en un espacio de trabajo tan pequeño como lo es la cavidad oral; por esto, se pretende con base en la literatura existente, describir el riesgo biomecánico por sobrecarga estática y los trastornos musculoesqueléticos en odontólogos. Con esta intención se realizó una revisión narrativa de la literatura científica al respecto en español e inglés de productos de investigación de los últimos diez años, utilizando descriptores DeCS y MeSH, en fuentes académicas y científicas de Pubmed, Medline, Scopus y Google académico en donde se seleccionaron 50 artículos teniendo como resultado principal que si existe una relación entre riesgo biomecánico y sobrecarga estática con la aparición de trastornos musculoesqueléticos.
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