Análisis de la interacción entre factores de personalidad y uso de palabras en mujeres argentinas
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.21615/cesp.7858Palabras clave:
personalidad, lenguaje, Modelo de los Cinco Grandes, valencia emocional, frecuencia léxica subjetivaResumen
La personalidad y el lenguaje comparten un mismo camino hace siglos. Múltiples estudios han analizado las diferencias individuales en función de las palabras utilizadas; empero, se han apoyado en una misma metodología: los relatos. El presente estudio tiene por objetivo analizar dicha asociación mediante una metodología alternativa, más rápida de administrar y de examinar: la indagación de la frecuencia subjetiva de uso o frecuencia léxica subjetiva. Con este fin se desarrolló un estudio cuantitativo, de diseño no experimental, transversal y correlacional, en el que se evaluaron 123 mujeres del Área Metropolitana de Buenos Aires (Argentina) mediante el Inventario de los Cinco Grandes y un cuestionario de frecuencia subjetiva de uso de sustantivos y adjetivos de distinta valencia emocional. Se realizaron análisis de correlación, análisis factoriales exploratorios y regresiones lineales para evaluar el ajuste de los modelos. Se observó que el Neuroticismo se asoció positivamente con la frecuencia subjetiva de uso de palabras de valencia negativa, mientras que Apertura a la Experiencia, Responsabilidad, Extraversión y Amabilidad se asociaron positivamente con palabras de valencia positiva. El análisis factorial permitió identificar tres factores léxicos diferenciados según la valencia afectiva (negativa, positiva e inespecífica). El factor negativo fue explicado principalmente por el Neuroticismo, mientras que el factor positivo fue explicado por Responsabilidad y Apertura a la Experiencia. Los resultados sugieren que la frecuencia subjetiva de uso de palabras constituye una herramienta válida para estudiar la relación entre lenguaje y personalidad, replicando parcialmente hallazgos previos mediante una metodología rápida y no intrusiva.
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Derechos de autor 2026 Nicolás Nahuel Romero, Macarena Martínez Cuitiño, Juan Pablo Barreyro
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Revista CES Psicología ISSN 2011 3080
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