Cuestionario del Cronotipo para Niños, primera versión en francés: validación transcultural y análisis
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.21615/cesp.7800Palabras clave:
Cronotipo, Inercia del sueño, Matutinidad, Vespertinidad, Sensibilidad transcultural, Niños en edad escolarResumen
Los instrumentos transculturales para la evaluación del cronotipo y otras características del sueño enfrentan importantes desafíos metodológicos, particularmente en lo que respecta al sesgo psicométrico. Estos desafíos son de especial relevancia en poblaciones pediátricas, dado que una evaluación confiable del cronotipo y de los hábitos de sueño es esencial para la identificación temprana de niños en riesgo de sufrir trastornos del sueño, así como condiciones somáticas y de salud mental asociadas. Por consiguiente, disponer de herramientas precisas resulta fundamental para promover la salud del sueño y prevenir consecuencias adversas posteriores en poblaciones infantiles y adolescentes. Este desafío se vuelve especialmente complejo en contextos transculturales en los que las poblaciones comparten un mismo idioma. Los procedimientos tradicionales de traducción y retrotraducción suelen ser insuficientes para captar matices sutiles y específicos de cada cultura que influyen en la forma en que padres y niños interpretan los ítems relacionados con las rutinas de sueño y los comportamientos vinculados a la salud. Este estudio presenta dos objetivos: (1) proporcionar la primera versión validada del Children’s Chronotype Questionnaire (CCTQ) para la población francófona residente en Luxemburgo, y (2) evaluar su potencial aplicabilidad en poblaciones francófonas de otros contextos geográficos. Por un lado, factores como la latitud y la exposición a la luz diurna influyen de manera significativa en los ritmos circadianos infantiles, los cuales interactúan con los horarios escolares y las prácticas culturales para configurar la salud del sueño. Por otro lado, la equivalencia lingüística por sí sola puede resultar insuficiente para captar aspectos relevantes para la salud del sueño infantil en diferentes contextos. Los resultados mostraron una consistencia interna satisfactoria (α = .70) lo que confirma la utilidad del instrumento para la evaluación de riesgos para la salud relacionados con el sueño en niños francófonos residentes en Luxemburgo.
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