Introduction to the cardiology of psitaciformes
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.21615/cesmvz.15.3.4Keywords:
cardiology, echocardiography, electrocardiogram, radiology, psittaciforms, tomographyAbstract
For the detection of heart diseases in psittaciforms, there are many factors that make their diagnosis difficult, in addition to the fact that the signs of
a cardiac parrot are generally not specific and the physical examination of the cardiovascular system is limited. The most frequent diagnostic methods
such as radiology, electrocardiogram, or echocardiography can be complicated by: the small size of some species, high heart rates, and low
reference values. Despite this, it is necessary to perform these tests to obtain an adjusted diagnosis of cardiac pathology. The present work aims to
compile the existing information on cardiology in psittaciforms through its complementary studies to expand and facilitate clinical practice with these
important diagnostic tools and thus familiarize the veterinary professional in the study of the physiology and pathologies of the cardiovascular system in these birds.
Downloads
References
Barreiro Lois, A.; et al. Actualización en cardiología de aves. Rev. Vet. Dialnet: Consulta de difusión veterinaria, ISSN 1135-0598, Vol. 17, Nº 166, 2000; v83-90.
Bavelaar, FJ. & Beynen, AC. Atherosclerosis in parrots. A review. Vet. Q. 2004; 26 (2): 50-60.
Beaufrère, H. Avian atherosclerosis: parrots and beyond. Exotic Pet Medicine 2013; 22 (4): 336-347.
Dos Santos GJ.; da Silva JP.; Hippólito AG, et al. Computed tomographic and radiographic morphometric study of cardiac and coelomic dimensions in captive blue-fronted Amazon parrots (Amazona aestiva, Linnaeus, 1758) with varying body condition scores. Anat Histol Embryol. 2020; 00:1–8. https://doi.org/10.1111/ahe.12528
Guerrero, C.; Bolivar, J.; B; Vargas-Pinto, P.; Brieva-Rico, C. Electrocardiographic parameters in captive, clinically healthy, Amazona ochrocephala. Rev.MVZ Córdoba 2015; 20 (Supl): 5037-5045. ISSN: 0122-0268
Musulin, SE. & Adin, DB. ECG of the month. Sinus arrhythmia in an African grey parrot. J Am Vet. Med. Assoc. 2006; 229 (4): 505-507.
Nalmas, S.; Nagarakanti, R; Slim, J.; Abter, E.; Bishburg, E. Electrocardiographic changes in infectious diseases. Hospital Physician 2007; 43 (9): 15-27.
Nap, AMP; Lumeji, JT, Stokhof, AA. Electrocardiogram of the African grey (Psittacus erithacus) and amazon (Amazonas pp.) parrot. Avian Pathol. 1992; 21 (1): 45-53.
Pees, M. & Krautwald-Junghanns, ME. Cardiovascular Physiology and Diseases of Pet Birds. Vet Clin Exót Anim 2009; 12: 81–97, doi:10.1016/j.cvex.2008.08.003
Pees, M.; Krautwald-Junghanns, ME.; Straub, J. Evaluating and treating the cardiovascular system. Clinical Avian Medicine - Proc Assoc Avian Vet. 2003; I (12): 225-330.
Rembert, MS; Smith, JA; Strickland, KN; Tully, TN Jr. Intermittent brad arrhythmia in a Hispaniola amazon parrot (Amazona ventralis). J Avian Med Surg. 2008; 22 (1): 31-40.
Richard, WN & Couto, CG. Pruebas diagnósticas en las enfermedades cardiovasculares. En: Richard WN, Couto CG. Medicina interna de animales pequeños. Cuarta edición. St. Louis, Missouri: Elsevier; 2009.
Šolc D. The heart and heart conducting system in the kingdom of animals: A comparative approach to its evolution. Exp.Clin. Cardiol. 2007; 12 (3): 113-118.
Talavera, J.; Guzman, MJ; del Palacio, MJ; Albert, AP; Bayón, A. The normal electrocardiogram of four species of conscious raptors. Res. Vet. Sci. 2008; 84 (1): 119-125.
Zandvliet, M.J.M(a) Seminars in Avian and Exotic Pet Medicine, 2005; 14 (1): 34–51.
Zandvliet, MMJM(b)Electrocardiography in psittacine birds and ferrets. Seminars in Avian and Exotic Pet medicine 2005; 14 (1): 34-51.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2020 CES Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
| Article metrics | |
|---|---|
| Abstract views | |
| Galley vies | |
| PDF Views | |
| HTML views | |
| Other views | |
