Sarcoide equino: revisión y actualización
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.21615/cesmvz.13.3.2Resumen
El sarcoide equino es la neoplasia más común de los équidos y representamás de la mitad de las neoplasias de la piel de los caballos. El objetivodel presente trabajo fue realizar una compilación del conocimiento actualsobre etiología, fisiopatología, diagnóstico y tratamiento de esta patología.El agente etiológico del sarcoide equino es el virus del papiloma bovinotipo 1 y 2 que afecta a équidos de todas las razas, sexos y edades. El traumacutáneo, la presencia de vectores como insectos y algunos haplotiposgenéticos son potenciales factores de riego. Se diagnostica a partir de laapariencia clínica, clasificándose en 6 tipos diferentes. La confirmacióndel diagnóstico se realiza mediante histopatología y las alternativas terapéuticasdisponibles son muy variadas incluyendo cirugía, quimioterapia,radioterapia, inmunoterapia y otras. En conclusión, ésta es una patologíade curso impredecible, no existiendo tratamiento efectivo por sí solo, yaque existe una alta probabilidad de recurrencia y solo el empleo de nuevasmodalidades terapéuticas combinadas permite obtener mejores resultados.La prevención probablemente se verá facilitada en el futuro por eldesarrollo de vacunas contra el virus del papiloma bovino.
Equine sarcoid: a review and Update
The equine sarcoid is the most common neoplasm of equidae and representsmore than half of the skin neoplasms of horses. The objective of thepresent work was to make a compilation of current knowledge about etiology,pathophysiology, diagnosis and treatment of this pathology. The etiologicalagent of the equine sarcoid is the bovine papilloma virus type 1 and 2which affects equines of all races, sexes and ages. Cutaneous trauma, thepresence of vectors such as insects and some genetic haplotypes are potentialrisk factors. It is diagnosed from the clinical appearance, classified into 6different types. The confirmation of the diagnosis is made by histopathologyand the therapeutic alternatives available are very varied, including surgery,chemotherapy, radiotherapy, immunotherapy and others. In conclusion, thisis a pathology of unpredictable course, there is no effective treatment byitself, since there is a high probability of recurrence and only the use of newcombined therapeutic modalities allows to obtain better results. Preventionwill likely be facilitated in the future by the development of vaccines againstthe bovine papilloma virus.
Keywords: equine, oncology, papillomavirus, sarcoid, tumor.
Sarcoide eqüino: revisão e atualização
O sarcoide eqüino é a neoplasia mais comum dos equídeos e representa mais dametade das neoplasias de pele dos equinos. O objetivo do presente trabalho foi fazeruma compilação dos conhecimentos atuais sobre etiologia, fisiopatologia, diagnósticoe tratamento desta patologia. O agente etiológico do sarcoide eqüino é o papilomavírusbovino tipo 1 e 2, que afeta equinos de todas as raças, sexos e idades.Trauma cutâneo, a presença de vetores como insetos e alguns haplótipos genéticossão fatores de risco potenciais. É diagnosticado a partir da aparência clínica, classificadaem 6 tipos diferentes. A confirmação do diagnóstico é feita pela histopatologiae as alternativas terapêuticas disponíveis são muito variadas, incluindo cirurgia, quimioterapia,radioterapia, imunoterapia e outras. Em conclusão, esta é uma patologiade curso imprevisível, não há tratamento efetivo por si só, uma vez que há uma altaprobabilidade de recorrência e apenas o uso de novas modalidades terapêuticascombinadas permite obter melhores resultados. A prevenção provavelmente seráfacilitada no futuro pelo desenvolvimento de vacinas contra o vírus do papilomabovino.
Palavras-chave: equino, sarcoide, oncologia, papilomavírus, tumor.
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