Desafíos constitucionales de las ciudades inteligentes
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https://doi.org/10.21615/cesder.6174Palabras clave:
ciudades inteligentes, constitucionalismo, privacidad, derechos individuales, derecho comparadoResumen
Las ciudades inteligentes son un nuevo modelo de urbanismo que utiliza tecnologías de información y comunicación para analizar los datos personales a fin de solucionar problemas de administración municipal y mejorar el nivel de vida de los ciudadanos. Sin embargo, los modelos constitucionales occidentales están basados en una sociedad análoga, en la cual las interacciones se dan de manera presencial y donde la información ciudadana no es un elemento fundamental del modelo urbanístico. Particularmente, las constituciones con una fuerte protección de derechos individuales tienen la difícil tarea de balancear las garantías fundamentales con un esquema social que requiere del uso de datos ciudadanos. Igualmente, el rol de la empresa privada en una ciudad inteligente ya no se limita a la prestación de servicios, sino que, dependiendo del modelo, se extiende a labores de administración usualmente reservadas a entidades públicas. Este nuevo panorama implica la necesidad de replantearse las relaciones Estado-individuo-empresa privada.
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