Prevalencia de pérdida de inserción periodontal en una muestra de adolescentes de 15-19 años en Medellín, Colombia
Resumen
Introducción y Objetivo: La información epidemiológica acerca de la prevalencia de las enfermedades periodontales en adolescentes en Suramérica es escaza. Un estudio en Chile reportó que el 69,2% de los estudiantes adolescentes entre 12 y 21 años, tenían pérdida del nivel de inserción clínico ≥ 1mm, el 16% ≥ 2mm y el 4,5% ≥3mm. El objetivo de este estudio fue determinar las características epidemiológicas de la pérdida de inserción clínica de una muestra de adolescentes del Municipio de Medellín.
Materiales y métodos: Se realizó un estudio transversal como parte de un estudio multicéntrico sobre prevalencia de pérdida de inserción en Suramérica. Se seleccionaron aleatoriamente estudiantes entre 15 y 19 años de escuelas públicas y privadas del municipio de Medellín. Se evaluaron el nivel clínico de inserción (NIC), el sangrado al sondaje (BoP) y la profundidad clínica de sondaje.
Resultados: Se evaluaron 73 estudiantes con un predominio del género masculino del 52,1%. El sangrado al sondaje y el índice de placa en mujeres fue de 11,1±10,8 y 54,2±26,1 respectivamente, mientras que en los hombres fue de 15,1±15 y 44,2±21,1. Se encontró que el 65% de los hombres y el 60 % de las mujeres tenían pérdida de inserción ≥ 1mm. La prevalencia de pérdida de inserción ≥3 mm fue de 14 % en mujeres.
Conclusión: La prevalencia de pérdida de inserción leve en estudiantes de 15-19 años de colegios públicos y privados de la ciudad de Medellín es alta.
Prevalence of periodontal attachment loss in a sample of adolescents aged 15-19 in Medellin, Colombia
Introduction and objetive: The epidemiological information on the prevalence of periodontal disease in adolescents in South America is scarce. A study in Chile reported that 69.2% of teenage students between 12 and 21 years, had loss of clinical attachment level ≥ 1 mm, 16% had ≥ 2 mm loss and 4.5% ≥3mm. The aim of this study was to determine the epidemiological characteristics of the loss of a clinical sample of adolescents from Medellin insertion.
Materials and method: A cross-sectional study was conducted as part of a multicenter study in South America. Students between 15 and 19 years were randomized to public and private in the city of Medellin. Clinical attachment level (NIC), bleeding on probing (BOP) and clinical probing depth were evaluated.
Results: 73 students were evaluated with a prevalence of 52.1% male. Bleeding on probing and plaque index in women was 11.1 ± 10.8 and 54.2 ± 26.1respectively, while in men was 15.1 ± 15 and 44.2 ± 21, 1, respectively. It was found that 65% of men and 60% of women had insertion loss ≥ 1mm. The prevalence of attachment loss ≥3 mm was 14% in women.
Conclusion: The prevalence of incipient clinical attachment loss is high in this sample of students aged 15-19.
Key words: periodontal diseases, periodontal attachment loss, periodontal pocket, prevalence.
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