Variabilidad genética en seis SNPs de los genes CAPN1, CAST y LEP de toros brahman en ganaderías del trópico bajo colombiano

Autores/as

  • Luis Ernesto López Rojas Universidad CES - Universidad Nacional
  • Laura Patiño-Cadavid Universidad CES
  • Albeiro López Herrera Universidad CES
  • José Julián Echeverri Zuluaga Universidad CES

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.21615/cesmvz.12.2.2

Resumen

Los genes CAPN1 y CAST codifican la μ-calpaína y la calpastatina, las cualesparticipan en la degradación de las fibras musculares luego del rigor mortis, además, el gen LEP codifica a la leptina, una hormona que regula la deposiciónde grasa en el músculo. Éstos genes presentan SNPs relacionados con la ternezay la jugosidad de la carne y con características de la canal. Con el fin de conocerel potencial genético de la raza Brahman, se genotipificaron los SNPs CAPN316,CAPN4751, CAST282, CAST2959, E2FB y E2JW mediante PCR-HRM en 270 machosde ganaderías de cuatro regiones y se hizo un estudio de estructura y diferenciaciónpoblacional.No hubo diferencia (p>0,05) en las frecuencias alélicas y genotípicas de los marcadoresevaluados entre las subpoblaciones, las frecuencias genotípicas en la poblacióngeneral fueron: CAPN316 (CG = 0,078, GG = 0,922), CAPN4751 (CC = 0,289,CT = 0,104, TT = 0,606), CAST282 (CC = 0,285, CG = 0,448, GG = 0,267), CAST2959(AA = 0,400, AG = 0,370, GG = 0,230), E2FB (CC = 0,633, CT = 0,356, TT = 0,011) y E2JW(AA = 0,985, AT = 0,010, TT = 0,004). Los marcadores CAPN316, CAST282 y E2JW seencontraron en HWE (p>0,05), mientras que CAPN4751 y CAST2959 presentaron Ho< He y en E2FB Ho > He. Los valores de los estadísticos F fueron: FIS = 0,153, FIT =0,157 y FST= 0,005.De lo anterior se deduce que las ganaderías Brahman estudiadas presentan un levegrado de endogamia y constituyen una sola población, todos los marcadores evaluadosson polimórficos, excepto E2JW, sin embargo existe la posibilidad de producircarne más tierna y jugosa debido a que aunque con frecuencias muy bajas, se puedenencontrar animales portadores de todos los alelos asociados.

 

Genetic variability in six SNPs of CAPN1, CAST and LEPgenes of brahman bulls in cattle farms on colombiantropical lowlands

The CAPN1 and CAST genes encodes μ-calpain and calpastatin, both genesparticipate on degradation of muscle fibers after rigor mortis; in additionthe LEP gene codes for leptin, which regulates the fat deposition in muscle.These genes shows SNPs related to tenderness and juiciness of meatand productive characteristics of the carcass. In order to know the geneticpotential of Brahman cattle the CAPN316, CAPN4751, CAST282, CAST2959,E2FB and E2JW SNPs were genotyped by PCR-HRM in 270 Brahman malesfrom four different geographical areas, also the study of differentiation ofpopulation structure was made.There was no difference (p> 0.05) in genotype and allele frequencies ofthese markers between subpopulations, the genotypic frequencies in thegeneral population were: CAPN316 (CG = 0.078, GG = 0.922), CAPN4751(CC = 0.289, CT = 0.104, TT = 0.606), CAST282 (CC = 0.285, CG = 0.448,GG = 0.267), CAST2959 (AA = 0.400, AG = 0.370, GG = 0.230), E2FB (CC =0.633, CT = 0.356, TT = 0.011) and E2JW (AA = 0.985, AT = 0.010, TT = 0.004).The CAPN316, CAST282 and E2JW markers were found in HWE (p> 0.05),while CAPN4751 and CAST2959 showed Ho < He and in E2FB Ho > He. TheF statistics values were: FIS = 0.153, FIT = 0.157 and FST = 0.005.Was conclude that the Brahman herds studied present a slight degree ofinbreeding and constitute a single population; all markers evaluated arepolymorphic, except for E2JW, however the production of more tender andjuicy meats could be possible, because the associated alleles with this characteristicswere founds although in low frequencies.

Keywords: CAPN316, CAPN4751, CAST282, CAST2959, juicy, LEPE2FB, LEPE2JW,tenderness.

 

Variabilidade genética em seis SNPs dos genes CAPN1, CAST eLEP de touros brahman em baixo trópico colombiano

Os genes CAPN1 e CAST codificam m-calpaína e calpastatina, que participam da degradaçãodas fibras musculares após o rigor mortis, além disso, o gene LEP codificaa leptina, um hormônio que regula a deposição de gordura no músculo. Estes genesapresentam SNPs relacionados à ternura e suco de carne e com característicasdo canal. Para conhecer o potencial genético da raça Brahman, os SNPs CAPN316,CAPN4751, CAST282, CAST2959, E2FB e E2JW foram genotipados por PCR-HRM em270 homens de quatro regiões e um estudo sobre a estrutura e diferenciação dapopulação.Não houve diferenças (p>0,05) nas freqüências alélicas e genotípicas dos marcadoresavaliados entre as subpopulações, as freqüências genotípicas na populaçãogeral foram: CAPN316 (CG = 0,078, GG = 0,922), CAPN4751 (CC= 0,289, CT= 0,104,TT = 0,606), CAST282 (CC = 0,285, CG = 0,448, GG= 0,267), CAST2959 (AA = 0,400,AG= 0,370, GG = 0,230), E2FB (CC = 0,633, CT= 0,356, TT= 0,011) e E2JW (AA= 0,985,AT = 0,010, TT = 0,004). Os marcadores CAPN316, CAST282 e E2JW foram encontradosem HWE (p>0,05), enquanto CAPN4751 e CAST2959 mostraram Ho <He e emE2FB Ho> He. Os valores das estatísticas F foram: FIS = 0,153, FIT = 0,1557 e FST = 0,005.A partir do acima, deduz-se que os rebanhos de Brahman estudaram apresentar umligeiro grau de endogamia e constituem uma população única, todos os marcadoresavaliados são polimórficos, exceto E2JW, porém existe a possibilidade de produzircarne mais suave e suculenta porque, embora com freqüências muito baixo, podemser encontrados animais que transportam todos os alelos associados.

Palabras-chave: CAPN316, CAPN4751, CAST282, CAST2959, EPE2FB, LEPE2JW,suculento, ternura.

DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.21615/cesmvz.12.2.2

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2017-09-28

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López Rojas, L. E., Patiño-Cadavid, L., López Herrera, A., & Echeverri Zuluaga, J. J. (2017). Variabilidad genética en seis SNPs de los genes CAPN1, CAST y LEP de toros brahman en ganaderías del trópico bajo colombiano. CES Medicina Veterinaria Y Zootecnia, 12(2), 88–102. https://doi.org/10.21615/cesmvz.12.2.2

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